Lactose intolerance is the inability to digest significant amounts of lactose, the principle sugar in milk. This inability results from a shortage of the enzyme lactase, which is normally produced by cells in the small intestine. Lactase breaks down this complex sugar into simpler forms that can be digested into the bloodstream.

Common symptoms in individuals who have lactose intolerance include nausea, cramps, bloating, gas and diarrhea which begin anywhere from 30 minutes to 2 hours after ingestion of lactose. The severity of these symptoms is inversely proportional to the amount of lactose that an individual can digest.

Lactose intolerance affects over 50 million American and is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders seen by primary care physicians. Lactose intolerance is most prevalent in up to 90% of Asians and as many as 75% of African and Native Americans. The inability to produce lactase develops over time generally starting between the ages of 10-20 and increasing with incidence with age.

Lactose intolerance is relatively easy to control. Lactase enzymes are available without a prescription for individuals who react to very small amounts of lactose or cannot regulate their lactose intake. A liquid form of lactase can be added to milk and Lactrase®‚ enzyme tablets can be taken before a meal to reduce or eliminate symptoms associated when consuming solid lactose containing food.